What is Blackbox | What is Bluefin and CVFDR | How it helps in finding lost aircraft ?

On March 8, 2014 under unknown circumstances Malaysian Passenger aircraft C-130J Super Hercules named MH370 [MAS370] went missing midway of its flight just after half an hour of its take-off. It is still a mystery what happened with that plane. Predictions also points towards  hijacking of plane either by Russia or America and another theory suggests that it is hijacked by terrorists and plane is their in frontier areas of Pakistan near Afghanistan. So, now question arises how to locate missing plane ? Well in case plane was unfortunate enough to crash, then blackbox is needed to search, which is the only hope to know the reason behind plane crash. Today, we are throwing light on some of the technical aspects about air-crafts. The technologies used in recording of flight activities are :

1. Blackbox [CVR and FDR]
2. Bluefin 
3. Towed Pinger Locator 

What is Blackbox

Blackbox  is device used in aircrafts to capture data of about last 25hours. It keeps the track of last 2hours radio communication occurred over microphones between crew mambers and nearby ground staff. It also stores the other details of flight including speed of aircraft, engine related functions, speed of breeze, height of flight, location of nearby RADARs. It is combination of FDR and CVR. Well, it has inbuilt Underwater Locating Beacon [ULB] which starts working just by coming in contact of water. It is capable of sending signals from the depth of 20 thousand feet. Blackbox recorder is protected by four-layered covering of aluminium, sand, stainless steel and titanium. Blackbox consists of two main parts collectively known as CVFDR :

1. FDR [Flight Data Recorder] : FDR can store 5 to 300 numbers of parameters for a period 25 hours continuously while CVR can store 4 voice channels. Here are a few of the parameters recorded by most FDRs: Time, Pressure altitude, Airspeed, Vertical acceleration, Magnetic heading, Control-column position, Rudder-pedal position, Control-wheel position, Horizontal stabilizer, Fuel flow etc.
2. CVR [Cockpit Voice Recorder] : The CVR records the flight crew's voices, as well as other sounds inside the cockpit. The recorder's "cockpit area microphone" is usually located on the overhead instrument panel between the two pilots. Sounds of interest to an investigator could be engine noise, stall warnings, landing gear extension and retraction, and other clicks and pops. From these sounds, parameters such as engine rpm, system failures, speed, and the time at which certain events occur can often be determined. 

 [PDF] Detailed Study of CVFDR : Click Here

History of Blackbox

Blackbox was invented by Australian David Warren in 1950 while working in Aeronautical Research Laboratories [ARL] of the Defence Science and Technology Organization [DSTO] in Melbourne. David Ronald de Mey Warren was born in Groote Eylandt, Australia in 1925. He was working on Jet based commercial aircraft "Comet" at that time which collapsed suddenly. Then, idea of making something different clicked him that could be capable of recording flight activities. 

Facts About Blackbox

1. Blackbox is fitted there in backside of plane because it is considered most safe area of  aircraft. 
2. It can withstand temperature of around -50°C to 1100°C very easily. 
3. Its battery life is only of 30 days but data can be retrieved even after number of years.
4. Australia became the first nation to make use of blackbox necessary for all the commercial flights in 1960. 
5. In India, Directorate General of Civil Aviation [DGCA] also made it necessary to have CVFDR on every aeroplane and helicopter on January 1, 2005.
6. Black box is not black in colour. Yes, it is right, they are dark orange in colour.
7. Black boxes are normally referred to by aviation experts as electronic flight data recorders.
8.  Only 2 hours of cockpit conversations are kept in it.
9. Black boxes are fitted with an underwater locator beacon that starts emitting a pulse if its sensor touches water. 
10. The crucial part that contains the memory boards, the Crash Survivable Memory Unit [CSMU], is shot out of an air cannon to create an impact of 3,400 Gs and then smashed against a target. It is subjected to a 227kg weight with a pin attached to it, which is dropped onto the unit from a height of three metres.

[PDF] Detailed Study of Blackbox : Click Here

What is Bluefin -21

The Bluefin-21 is a highly modular autonomous underwater vehicle able to carry multiple sensors and payloads at once. It boasts a high energy capacity that enables extended operations even at the greatest depths. The Bluefin-21 has immense capability but is also flexible enough to operate from various ships of opportunity worldwide. The features of Bluefin are as follows :

1. Free flooded modularity : The vehicle design includes swappable payload sections and battery modules for in-field mission reconfiguration. 
2. Efficient Workhouse : It is small size, deep-rated AUV able to execute surveys with demanding requirements typically addressed by larger, more cumbersome platforms. 
3. Accurate Navigation : It uses an INS to provide the best possible navigation accuracy. Dead reckoning drift is typically < 0.1% of distance traveled, yielding higher quality data. 
4. Air shippable : The vehicle, batteries and support equipment can be broken down and packaged into easily transportable sections for time-critical and remote operations.

 [PDF] Detailed Study of Bluefin : Click Here

Towed Pinger Locator

A towed pinger locator is a waterborne device used to locate the sonar "ping" from the underwater locator beacon which is fitted to the Cockpit Voice Recorders and Flight Data Recorders installed in commercial airliners. They can locate pingers at depths of up to 20,000 feet [6,100 m] underwater.

The locator is mounted in a hydrodynamic shell [tow fish], connected by winch behind a surf ace vessel across the search area. The locator listens for the sound emanating from the beacon [pinger]. Once located, the beacon and its attached recorders can be retrieved by divers, submersibles or remotely piloted submarines, depending on depth. A model currently used by the US Navy is the TPL-25, which has a weight of 32 kg and a length of 30 inches. It is generally towed at 1 to 5 knots [1.9– 9.3 km/h].

[PDF] Detailed Study of Towed Pinger Locator : Click Here

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What is Heartbleed | Is it a new Virus and how to fix it ?

The Heartbleed SSL vulnerability is is in news, around the world. It is due to misreporting in the press and also causing confusion online. How can you stay safe and ensue your personal details aren’t leaked ? Well first thing to know about Heartbleed is that it is not a virus. You’ve probably heard Heartbleed described as a virus. It is a weakness, a vulnerability in servers running OpenSSL. This is the open source implementation of SSL and TLS, the protocols used for secure connections, those that begin https:// rather than the usual http://.

 

What is Heartbleed in actual ? How can it affect users ?

As already mentioned it is not a virus, it is vulnerability. This vulnerability more commonly referred to as a bug creates a hole through which hackers can circumvent the encryption. Confirmed on April 7, 2014, it occurs in all versions of OpenSSL except 1.0.1g. The threat is limited to sites running OpenSSL – other SSL and TLS libraries are available, but OpenSSL is employed widely on servers around the web.

Why is it called Heartbleed ? How to fix Heartbleed ?

A fix for the problem exists, but this may not have been applied to the websites you regularly visit for secure
activities. These might be online shopping, gambling and other adult themed websites or even social networking. As a result, all manner of personal and financial information could be at risk. To get an idea of how big a deal Heartbleed is and why it is so-called, we should underline that Heartbleed is an Internet-based vulnerability and therefore affects users of all operating systems, desktop and mobile.

So, it’s a big deal – but what can you do about it? 
 

1. Keep Calm & Don’t Panic : A lot has been written across the Internet and in the printed media in the past few days and a lot of it is hype, doom porn that would put the effects of Orson Welles’ famous War of the Worlds radio broadcast to shame. Much of what you have already seen will have been cobbled together from press releases and other reports by journalists unfamiliar with the terminology and a lack of clear understanding about the risks. For instance, you might know that you should change your passwords immediately [not entirely true]. But did you know about the phishing risk ?
2. Beware of  Phishing Attack : Some of the web services viz. banks and social networks that have been affected by Heartbleed will drop you an email to let you know that they have repaired the vulnerability and recommend that you change your password. Naturally, you should do this – but be aware that this situation presents an ideal opportunity to phishers to start sending fake emails, complete with embedded links to the “change password” page – in reality, a website designed to harvest your details. See the picture below, this is email from pinterest.com, but we recommend you be careful while accepting such emails, as it may be a spam taking you to a fake page [phishing attack].
   
   
   
   
   None of the services you use, should recommend you click on a change password link in an email sent unsolicited email. Unfortunately, IFTTT did, as did Pinterest [above picture]. This is bad practice and gives the impression that such a link is acceptable and should be clicked.
3. Do not  Change Your Passwords unnecessarily  : One of the main pieces of Heartbleed advice in circulation is that you should change your passwords immediately. All of them. This, sadly, is an example of the misinformation I referred to in the intro. Say you use the same password for several websites.
   (i) First of all, this is bad practice and you should reconsider doing it in future [not to mention create more secure passwords].
   (ii) Second, if you indiscriminately change all of your passwords, the chances are you’re going to do so on a website that isn’t running on a patched server – one upon which Heartbleed is still a vulnerability. Inadvertently you have potentially shared your old password and your new password with those that are able to exploit the vulnerability for their identity fraud and spam operations. As such, you should only change your password on a site-by-site basis when you know they have been patched – that is, the fix has been applied and the vulnerability closed.
4. Check Which Websites Have Been Affected : Get started by checking which websites are free from the Heartbleed vulnerability. There are two ways to do this : 
   (i) First, head to Mashable where an up-to-date list of big-name websites affected by Heartbleed can be found, along with advice as to whether you should change your password or not.
   (ii) For the smaller websites, this excellent search tool will tell you instantly whether or not the site has been patched. An alternative is the Chromebleed Checker extension for Google Chrome. If the websites you use have been affected and have not yet patched the Heartbleed vulnerability, avoid logging in until the situation is resolved.
   

   Final Advice

   Don’t change any passwords until you’re instructed to do so by the corresponding websites and services.You can also use new tools to check if the website you plan on visiting has been affected, and whether a fix has been applied. Most importantly, stay safe and be patient. The potential for Heartbleed to cause massive problems is still there – avoid any websites that require patching until you know that they are now secure. 

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[PDF] IPL 7 PDF Schedule | IPL 2014 Download Full Schedule

IPL is back with bang, we are going to have opening match in less than a weeks time. This time IPL will kick start from Middle-East due to General Elections in India. Due to security reasons IPL is being taken to Dubai for first 20 matches [Phase 1]. On May 2, 2014 IPL return back to home soil. Today, we are providing you full schedule of IPL 2014 in various formats viz. JPG, PDF etc. You can check it out here:

Full IPL-7 Schedule 2014

No.   DATE            TEAMS          VENUE

1     Wed, Apr 16     KKR VS MI      Sheikh Zayed Stadium, Abu Dhabhi 

2     Thu, Apr 17     DDD VS RCB     Sharjah Cricket Stadium, Sharjah

3     Fri, Apr 18     CSK VS KXIP    Sheikh Zayed Stadium, Abu Dhabhi 

4     Fri, Apr 18     SRH VS RR      Sheikh Zayed Stadium, Abu Dhabhi 

5     Sat, Apr 19     RCB VS MI      Dubai Int'l Cricket Stadium, Dubai

6     Sat, Apr 19     DDD VS KKR     Dubai Int'l Cricket Stadium, Dubai

7     Sun, Apr 20     KXIP VS RCB    Sharjah Cricket Stadium, Sharjah

8     Mon, Apr 21     DDD VS CSK     Sheikh Zayed Stadium, Abu Dhabhi

9     Tue, Apr 22     KXIP VS SRH    Sharjah Cricket Stadium, Sharjah

10    Wed, Apr 23     RR VS CSK      Dubai Int'l Cricket Stadium, Dubai

11    Thu, Apr 24     RCB VS KKR     Sharjah Cricket Stadium, Sharjah

12    Fri, Apr 25     DDD VS SRH     Dubai Int'l Cricket Stadium, Dubai

13    Fri, Apr 25     MI VS CSK      Dubai Int'l Cricket Stadium, Dubai

14    Sat, Apr 26     RR VS RCB      Sheikh Zayed Stadium, Abu Dhabhi

15    Sat, Apr 26     KKR VS KXIP    Sheikh Zayed Stadium, Abu Dhabhi

16    Sun, Apr 27     MI VS DDD      Sharjah Cricket Stadium, Sharjah

17    Sun, Apr 27     CSK VS SRH     Sharjah Cricket Stadium, Sharjah

18    Mon, Apr 28     RCB VS KXIP    Dubai Int'l Cricket Stadium, Dubai

19    Tue, Apr 29     RR VS KKR      Sheikh Zayed Stadium, Abu Dhabhi

20    Wed, Apr 30     SRH  VS MI     Dubai Int'l Cricket Stadium, Dubai

>> Full Schedule : Click Here [PDF Full Schedule]
>> IPL in UAE  : Click Here [Download Phase 1]
>> IPL in India : Click Here [Download Phase 2]

IPL Return back to Indian Soil

21    Fri, May 2      KKR VS CSK     HEC Int'l Stadium, Ranchi

22    Sat, May 3      KXIP VS MI     Wankhede Stadium, Mumbai

23    Sat, May 3      DDD VS RR      Feroz Shah Kotla, Delhi

24    Sun, May 4      SRH VS RCB     M.Chinnaswamy Stadium, Bengaluru

25    Mon, May 5      KKR VS RR      Sardar Patel Stadium Motera, Ahmedabad  

26    Mon, May 5      DDD VS CSK     Feroz Shah Kotla, Delhi

27    Sun, May 6      RCB VS MI      Wankhede Stadium, Mumbai

28    Sun, May 7      DDD VS KKR     Feroz Shah Kotla, Delhi

29    Mon, May 7      KXIP VS CSK    Barabati Stadium  Cuttack

30    Tue, May 8      RR VS SRH      Sardar Patel Stadium Motera, Ahmedabad

31    Tue, May 9      KXIP VS RCB    M.Chinnaswamy Stadium, Bengaluru

32    Wed, May 10     DDD VS SRH     Feroz Shah Kotla, Delhi

33    Wed, May 10     CSK VS MI      Wankhede Stadium, Mumbai

34    Fri, May 11     KKR VS KXIP    Barabati Stadium  Cuttack

35    Sat, May 11     RR VS RCB      M.Chinnaswamy Stadium, Bengaluru

36    Sat, May 12     MI VS SRH      RG Int'l Stadium, Hyderabad

37    Sun, May 13     CSK VS RR      HEC Int'l Stadium, Ranchi

38    Sun, May 13     DDD VS RCB     M.Chinnaswamy Stadium, Bengaluru

39    Mon, May 14     KXIP VS SRH    RG Int'l Stadium, Hyderabad

40    Mon, May 14     MI VS KKR      Eden Gardens, Kolkata

41    Tue, Apr 15     DDD VS RR      Sardar Patel Stadium Motera, Ahmedabad 

42    Wed, May 18     RCB VS CSK     MA Chidambaram Stadium, Chennai

43    Wed, May 18     SRH VS KKR     RG Int'l Stadium, Hyderabad

44    Thu, May 19     RR VS MI       Sardar Patel Stadium Motera, Ahmedabad

45    Thu, May 19     KXIP VS DDD    Feroz Shah Kotla, Delhi 

46    Fri, May 20     SRH VS RCB     RG Int'l Stadium, Hyderabad 

47    Fri, May 20     KKR VS CSK     Eden Gardens, Kolkata

48    Sat, May 21     MI VS KXIP     PCA Stadium, Mohali

49    Sun, May 22     KKR VS RCB     Eden Gardens, Kolkata

50    Sun, May 22     SRH VS CSK     MA Chidambaram Stadium, Chennai

51    Mon, May 23     DDD VS MI      Wankhede Stadium, Mumbai 

52    Mon, May 23     RR VS KXIP     PCA Stadium, Mohali

53    Tue, May 24     RCB VS CSK     M.Chinnaswamy Stadium, Bengaluru 

54    Tue, May 24     SRH VS KKR     Eden Gardens, Kolkata 

55    Wed, May 25     KXIP VS DDD    PCA Stadium, Mohali 

56    Wed, May 25     RR VS MI       Wankhede Stadium, Mumbai

57    Fri, May 27     1st VS 2nd     MA Chidambaram Stadium, Chennai 

58    Sat, May 28     3rd VS 4th     MA Chidambaram Stadium, Chennai 

59    Mon, May 30     WE VS LQ1      Wankhede Stadium, Mumbai 

60    Wed, Jun 1      WQ1 VS WQ2     Wankhede Stadium, Mumbai 

NOTE: Single Day, 2 Matches Timings Are - 4:00pm & 8:00pm [IST]
 

WE  - Winner Eliminator

LQ1 - Loser Qualifier 1

WQ1 - Winner of Qualifier 1

WQ2 - Winner of Qual  2

IPL TEAMS :

Delhi Daredevils (DDD)

Royal Challengers Bangalore (RCB)

Chennai Super Kings (CSK)

Sunrisers Hyderabad (SRH)

Kolkata Knight Riders (KKR)

Kings XI Punjab (KXIP)

Mumbai Indians (MI)

Rajasthan Royals (RR)

DOWNLOAD : Click Here [Full Image Schedule]
IPL Facts and Records till 5th edition : Click Here 

[PDF] FIFA World Cup 2014 Brazil Schedule | FIFA History and Facts : Click Here 

TOP 10 LEADING RUN SCORERS IN IPL HISTORY

10. RAHUL DRAVID (RR/RCB) – 2174 RUNS

9. VIRENDER SEHWAG (DD) – 2174 RUNS

8. MS DHONI (CSK) – 2243 RUNS

7. VIRAT KOHLI (RCB) – 2273 RUNS

6. JACQUES KALLIS (KKR/RCB) – 2276 RUNS

5. SACHIN TENDULKAR (MI) – 2334 RUNS

4. GAUTAM GAMBHIR (DD/KKR) – 2471 RUNS

3. CHRIS GAYLE (KKR/RCB) – 2512 RUNS

2. ROHIT SHARMA (DC/MI) – 2513 RUNS

1. SURESH RAINA (CSK) – 2802 RUNS

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Repairing a Car | How To Change Oil and Flatten Tyre | Jump Start a Dead Battery

Why There is Need for Oil Changes ?

Like everything, automobiles also require maintenance. One of them is oil Changes. Regular oil changes ensure longer engine life of an automobile. For automobiles with frequent short trips where there is no chance to warm up completely, oil changes becomes more important because acid and moisture buildup does not have a chance to burn off. There are new engines that normally run very hot. Missing even a single oil change can cause an engine to develop sludge which can cause engine damage early on.
Modern oils generally contain detergents and additives that are designed to protect against sludge formation but if you regularly do a lot of short trips viz. during rush hour traffic, engine heat will eventually break down these additives hence stop protecting car engine. Thus, best way to protect your car, with regular oil changes. Here, is a full guide on how to change Car oil.

How To Change Car Oil - 10 Simple Steps

1. Keep yourself equipped all your materials: new oil, filter, oil pan, pliers, screwdriver and correct size wrench. 
2. Lift the car safely by using the jack stand on the frame of the car. 
3. Now, pour out used oil from car. Remove drain plug and drain the used oil into oil pan. 
4. After pouring out the used oil, put plug back in and tighten it. 
5. Locate the oil filter and remove it. 
6. Put on the new oil filter in place. 
7. Now, remove Jack stands and lower your car. 
8. Add 4 half quarts of oil. 
9. Start your car and let it run for 10-20 seconds. 
10. Check if required quantity is there or not. Check oil and add correct amount. [/box]

How to Change a Flat (Punctured) Tyre - 10 Step Guide

1. Move to the side of the road and turn on hazard lights.

2. Put on the E-Brake and get your tool trunk out.

3. Get tools out of the trunk (jack, wrench, tyre). Get spare tyre out from the trunk.

4. Loosen lugnuts slowly.

5. Check for a good place on the frame to lift up the car using Jack stand.

6. Take lugnuts off and take off the flat tyre.

7. Put the spare tire on. Tighten down all the lugnuts.

8. Double check lugnuts.

9. Now, lower the jack.

10. Put the flat tire and tools back to the trunk, remove E-Brake, turn off hazard lights, and check for traffic before pulling back onto the road.

Jump Start a Dead Battery - 5 Step Guide

1. Bring the two Cars closer enough to make the efficient connection between them. Line cars up so that batteries are close as possible. Make sure car engines are off and batteries not leaking.

2. Connect positive on good or working battery.

3. Connect negative on dead battery.

4. Turn good battery on and turn key on the dead car.

5. If car doesn’t start, check connections and try again.

6. And there you go Battery will jump start. Unhook cables, close the bonut, and drive away.

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[India] Making a PAN Card Online

PAN card is necessary in India inorder to carry out large amount of financial transactions. Just for an example if your are doing a bank transaction i.e. making Rs.50,000 FD in your bank account, it will need you to show PAN Card to deposit this money. Besides this, there are further more benefits of PAN card. So, every Indian should make it. PAN Card can be made both offline and online. Today, we are explaining the whole process of making of PAN card online. 

Follow these simple steps to make PAN Card online

1. Select the best available form and read the full instructions for making a card, as there are number of application formats are available here ONLINE FORM.
2. Keep the following things in mind :

• If you are Indian citizen and making PAN card first time, you need to fill form 49 A. In this form, you have to select your personality whether you are an individual or firm or company or trust.
• If you are NRI or foreign citizen, you need to fill form 49AA.

 

Depositing the Fees of PAN Card

1. You just go to bank and deposit PAN card making fees of Rs. 105 and then choose net banking in your form 49A. You can choose other option if you pay fees through bank draft or cheque or debit or credit card. You just mention the bank draft or cheque number and date. No need to show this detail in debit or credit card. 
2. Now take print out of Acknowledgement after saving Online Application. 
3. Now, you need to affix two recent colour photographs with white background (size 3.5 cm x 2.5 cm) in the space provided in the acknowledgement. The photographs should not be stapled or clipped to the acknowledgement.   
4. Signature is necessary for your physical declaration of correctness of information which you have provided in online form. Optionally, Left Thumb Impression should be provided within the box provided in the acknowledgement.
5. You are all set to dispatch your application. You have to send this acknowledgement plus following important documents to income tax PAN services unit address 

Income Tax PAN Services Unit

NSDL e-Governance Infrastructure Limited

5^th floor, Mantri Sterling, Plot No. 341

Survey No. 997/8

Model Colony 

Near Deep Bungalow Chowk, Pune – 411016

by writing on the envelope with 'APPLICATION FOR PAN - Acknowledgement Number' (e.g. 'APPLICATION FOR PAN - 881010100000097').

Documents to be attached

1. ID Proof photocopy
2. Address proof photocopy
3. Date of birth proof photocopy
4. Original demand draft or cheque

Download PDF Instructions File : Click Here 

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